STS-78

STS-78
Emblemat STS-78
Dane misji
Indeks COSPAR1996-036A
ZaangażowaniStany Zjednoczone NASA
Oznaczenie kodoweSTS-78
Pojazd
WahadłowiecColumbia
Załoga
Zdjęcie STS-78
Siedzą od lewej: Terrence T. Henricks, Kevin Kregel. Stoją od lewej: Jean-Jacques Favier, Richard Linnehan, Susan Helms, Charles Brady, Robert Thirsk
DowódcaTerence Henricks
Start
Miejsce startuStany Zjednoczone, KSC, LC39-B
Początek misji20 czerwca 1996, 14:49:00 UTC[1]
Orbita okołoziemska
Apogeum278 km
Lądowanie
Miejsce lądowaniaKSC, Pas startowy 33
Lądowanie7 lipca 1996, 12:36:45 UTC[1]
Czas trwania misji16 dni, 21 godz., 47 min, 45 sek[1]
Przebyta odległość11,26 mln km[2]
Liczba okrążeń Ziemi271[2]
Program lotów wahadłowców

STS-78 (ang. Space Transportation System) – dwudziesta misja amerykańskiego wahadłowca kosmicznego Columbia i siedemdziesiąty ósmy lot w ramach programu lotów wahadłowców[3].

Załoga

źródło[3]

Załoga rezerwowa:

  • Pedro Duque (0), specjalista ładunku (ESA)
  • Luca Urbani (0), specjalista ładunku (ASI)
*(liczba w nawiasie oznacza liczbę lotów odbytych przez każdego z astronautów)

Parametry misji

źródło[1]

Cele misji

Lot z laboratorium naukowym Spacelab-LMS (Life and Microgravity Science)[3].

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. a b c d Mark Wade: STS-78 (ang.). W: Encyclopedia Astronautica [on-line]. [dostęp 2017-07-25].
  2. a b podsumowanie misji STS-78 na stronie KSC (ang.)
  3. a b c Tomáš Přibyl: Dzień, w którym nie wróciła COLUMBIA. Bielsko-Biała: Wydawnictwo >DEBIT<, 2003, s. 171. ISBN 83-7167-224-1.

Linki zewnętrzne

Media użyte na tej stronie

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STS-78 crew.jpg
The crew assigned to the STS-78 mission included (seated left to right) Terrence T. (Tom) Henricks, commander; and Kevin R. Kregel, pilot. Standing, left to right, are Jean-Jacques Favier (CNES), payload specialist; Richard M. Linneham, mission specialist; Susan J. Helms, payload commander; Charles E. Brady, mission specialist; and Robert Brent Thirsk (CSA). Launched aboard the Space Shuttle Columbia on June 20, 1996 at 10:49:00 am (EDT), the STS-78 mission's primary payloads was the Life and Microgravity Spacelab (LMS). Five space agencies (NASA/USA, European Space Agency/Europe (ESA), French Space Agency/France, Canadian Space Agency /Canada, and Italian Space Agency/Italy) along with research scientists from 10 countries worked together on the design, development and construction of the LMS.
Sts-78-patch.png

The STS-78 patch links past with present to tell the story of its mission and science through a design imbued with the strength and vitality of the 2-dimensional art of North America's northwest coast Indians. Central to the design is the space Shuttle whose bold lines and curves evoke the Indian image for the eagle, a native American symbol of power and prestige as well as the national symbol of the United States. The wings of the Shuttle suggest the wings of the eagle whose feathers, indicative of peace and friendship in Indian tradition, are captured by the U forms, a characteristic feature of Northwest coast Indian art. The nose of the Shuttle is the strong downward curve of the eagle's beak, and the Shuttle's forward windows, the eagle's eyes, represented through the tapered S forms again typical of this Indian art form.

The basic black and red atoms orbiting the mission number recall the original NASA emblem while beneath, utilizing Indian ovoid forms, the major mission scientific experiment package LMS (Life and Materials Sciences) housed in the Shuttle's cargo bay is depicted in a manner reminiscent of totem-pole art. This image of a bird poised for flight, so common to Indian art, is counterpointed by an equally familiar Tsimshian Indian symbol, a pulsating sun with long hyperbolic rays, the symbol of life. Within each of these rays are now encased crystals, the products of this mission's 3 major, high-temperature materials processing furnaces. And as the sky in Indian lore is a lovely open country, home of the Sun Chief and accessible to travelers through a hole in the western horizon, so too, space is a vast and beckoning landscape for explorers launched beyond the horizon.

Beneath the Tsimshian sun, the colors of the earth limb are appropriately enclosed by a red border representing life to the Northwest coast Indians. The Indian colors of red, navy blue, white, and black pervade the STS-78 path. To the right of the Shuttle-eagle, the constellation Delphinus recalls the dolphin, friend of ancient sailors and, now perhaps too, of the 9 space voyagers suggested by this constellation's blaze of 9 stars. The patch simultaneously celebrates international unity fostered by the Olympic spirit of sports competition at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. Deliberately poised over the city of Atlanta, the Space Shuttle glows at its base with the 5 official Olympic rings in the 5 Olympic colors which can also be found throughout the patch, rings and colors which signify the 5 continents of the earth. This is an international mission and for the first time in NASA patch history, astronauts have dispensed with identifying country flags beneath their names to celebrate the spirit of international unity so characteristic of this flight.