Fort Defiance (Illinois)
Fort Defiance, zwany podczas wojny secesyjnej Camp Defiance – fortyfikacja ziemna położona przy zbiegu rzek Ohio i Missisipi niedaleko miasta Cairo w hrabstwie Alexander, w stanie Illinois, w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Jest to najbardziej wysunięty na południe punkt stanu Illinois. Obszar fortu znajduje się obecnie na terenie Fort Defiance Park, poprzednio zwanym State Park i jest własnością miasta Cairo.
Bibliografia
- THE CAMP AT CAIRO, ILLINOIS. „Harper’s Weekly”. Vol. V. No. 231. 1 lipca, s. 350, 1999 (ang.).
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Astronaut photo of the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers at Cairo, Illinois.
Identification | |
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Mission | ISS012 (Expedition 12) |
Roll | E |
Frame | 15035 |
Country or Geographic Name | USA-ILLINOIS |
Features | CAIRO, MISSISSIPPI R., OHIO R. |
Center Point Latitude | 37.0° N |
Center Point Longitude | -89.2° E |
Camera | |
Camera Tilt | 17° |
Camera Focal Length | 400 mm |
Camera | Kodak DCS760C Electronic Still Camera |
Film | 3060 x 2036 pixel CCD, RGBG array. |
Quality | |
Percentage of Cloud Cover | 0-10% |
Nadir What is Nadir? | |
Date | 2006-01-12 |
Time | 18:38:03 |
Nadir Point Latitude | 37.2° N |
Nadir Point Longitude | -88.3° E |
Nadir to Photo Center Direction | West |
Sun Azimuth | 190° |
Spacecraft Altitude | 185 nautical miles (343 km) |
Sun Elevation Angle | 31° |
Orbit Number | 867 |
Original image caption | |
The Ohio River becomes a tributary of the Mississippi River directly south of Cairo, Illinois, a small city on the spit of land where the rivers converge (at center of this astronaut photograph). Brown, sediment-laden water flowing generally northeast to south from the Ohio River is distinct from the green and relatively sediment-poor water of the Mississippi River (flowing northwest to south). The color of the rivers in this image is reversed from the usual condition of a green Ohio and a brown Mississippi. This suggests that the very high rainfall in December 2005 over the Appalachians and the northeastern United States has led to greater-than-normal amounts of sediment in the rivers and streams of the Ohio River watershed. The distinct boundary between the two river’s waters indicates that little to no mixing occurs even 5-6 kilometers (3-4 miles) downstream.
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Square land battle flag of Confederate States of America.